I am somewhat confident that this specimen below is crowded parchment (Stereum complicatum), yet another saprophyte consuming dead and down stemwood. I eventually posted the photo on the Mushroom Identification Facebook Group, generating a positive I.D. Phellinus robiniae (Cracked cap polypore, Locust polypore) Phleogena faginea (Fenugreek Stalkball), Plicaturopsis crispa (Crimp gill), ... which edible species are most easily identified, and which species to avoid. ... Phellinus robiniae. I referred to it simply as unknown even though it has a distinctive shape, a chambered disc-cylinder. However, mushroom season is just around the corner here in Western Pennsylvania, so check back regularly for new additions to the library. Laetiporus sulphureus (Chicken Mushroom)…..While it can be tough when old, it’s a choice edible when young. The sinkhole is somewhat active, with slow side slope slippage away from the base. Some tantalizing examples: black locust honey is indescribably delicious; its fence posts insurmountable; its nitrogen-fixing bacteria invaluable; wooden locust nails gave American naval ships superior strength in dealing with the British naval forces in the War of 1812! It grows in shelf-like clusters on the deadwood of hardwoods and conifers across North America. It originally took its name from a fabric of the same color made of undyed, homespun wool. I am once again evidencing my shallow position on the mycology learning curve. Reminds me of the moss carpet in Miss Suzy Squirrel, a book I read forty years ago to our kids. Many of the most recognizable and edible species comprise this division of over 50,000 recorded species. This fungus grows almost exclusively on locust trees. This list links to photo galleries of these mushrooms and includes edible and non-edible mushrooms. If you see a Black Locust with many dead and broken limbs, and/or knotty swellings on the trunk, chances are great that it has been attacked by Locust Borers. True to its name it has a beautiful cracked cap, and as its species name suggests it specializes on growing on and parasitic I get trees of the Robinia genus. The species is among the jellies considered edible by foragers, However, beware the cautions I have noted with other so-called edibles. Anchorage is easy — the coarse bark offers a foothold for the moss. ABSTRACT SNYDER, LORI JUNE UNRUH. I wrote my books Nature Based Leadership (2016), Nature-Inspired Learning and Leading (2017), and Weaned Seals and Snowy Summits: Stories of Passion for Place and Everyday Nature (2019; co-authored with Dr. Jennifer Wilhoit) to encourage all citizens to recognize and appreciate that every lesson for living, learning, serving, and leading is either written indelibly in or is powerfully inspired by Nature. I found one such example this weekend on the trail to Bridal Veils falls near Sewanee. Coltricia cinnamomea [ Basidiomycetes > Hymenochaetales > Hymenochaetaceae > Coltricia . Phellinus robiniae is just one of many woody brown polypores that can be found growing on living or recently deceased trees. If only my mission and vision could be multiplied untold orders of magnitude: Mission: Employ writing and speaking to educate, inspire, and enable readers and listeners to understand, appreciate, and enjoy Nature… and accept and practice Earth Stewardship. I highly recommend using field guides and other websites to aid in adequately identifying edible mushrooms. CHICKEN MUSHROOM – Laetiporus sulphureus – CHOICE EDIBLE MUSHROOM – on wood of hardwood trees – fruiting from May through October GILLED MUSHROOMS PLAYGROUND MUSHROOM – Agaricus bitorquis – choice edible – on the ground, often bare ground, grassy areas, wood chips, etc. The two are distinguishable, but not without careful study and considerable due diligence. Phellinus robiniae is just one of a number of woody, brown polypores that can be found growing on living or recently deceased trees. The shiny nuts look nice displayed in a dish for nature lovers, just don’t try to crack and eat them! Many species cause white rot. The name ostrea, from the word ‘oyster’, describes its shape. The word was first used in English in the mid-16th century. Look deliberately to actually see what awaits your discovery. December 15, 2020, I hiked several trails at Monte Sano State Park with two naturalist friends, Mike Ezell and Jesse Akozbek. That is, I believe this is the vegetative structure of a fungus consuming the dead stem. A pioneer species that exploits forest disturbance and effectively colonizes abandoned farm and pasture, the species is relatively short-lived, dropping from our forests, yielding crown space to more persistent species like oak, hickories, sweetgum, and poplar. before the spores start to form and turn the inter When cut, the interior flesh should be all white and solid all the way through. Phellinus is a genus of fungi in the family Hymenochaetaceae. Plants (and moss is a plant, albeit non-flowering) require nutrients, moisture, anchorage, and light. Jim Tunney April 21, 2018 I simply refer to this coating as a mycelial mat. MushroomExpert.com offers these words: Saprobic on the deadwood of hardwoods and conifers–often those fairly recently dead, with bark still adnate; causing a white, stringy rot; growing gregariously or in overlapping clusters; fall and spring, or over winter in warm climates; widely distributed in North America. 29 Russula subnigricans XlV 123.4 mg kg -1 Mushroom 30 I issued the Post on oddities and curiosities the first week of January: http://stevejonesgbh.com/2021/01/07/tree-form-curiosities-mid-december-2020-at-monte-sano-state-park/. I see images I want to (and do) capture with my trusty iPhone camera, I enjoy explaining those images — an educator at heart, I actually do love writing — it’s the hobby I never needed when my career consumed me, Judy suggested my writing is in large measure my legacy to our two kids, our five grand kids, and all the unborn generations beyond, And finally, perhaps my books and Blogs could reach beyond family and touch a few other lives… sow some seeds for the future. The moniker “deadly” is a stern signal to make sure you know! Make sure… MAKE SURE! Phellinus sp. These two trunk shots are along the sloping side of a large sinkhole along the Sinks Trail. I hope you've learned something new. Fungi, worthy of time and attention year-round, are especially noteworthy during our blessed cool season of dormant forest drabness. Moss covers what had been its top surface, the rusty underside (spore-bearing) is visible in the third image. Please circulate images with photo credit: “©2021 Steve Jones, Great Blue Heron LLC. by Michael Kuo. Yes, it does have a cracked black surface, but unlike chaga, which is the sterile conk of Inonotus obliquus, these conks are very hard, tough mushrooms. My website is still in its infancy, so not many species of mushrooms have been recorded yet. Phellinus igniarius - rusty red- to orange-brown flesh on hardwoods, pores often purplish-brown. Note: All blog post images created & photographed by Stephen B. Jones unless otherwise noted. Thank You for Visiting. Phellinus robiniae shelf fungus are hard like wood. False turkey tail (Stereum ostrea) is another ubiquitous fungus. Species of Phellinus typically are rusty-brown to It probably originated from the Old French word drap, which meant cloth. Species info will be truncated to fit on the page. The bracket below still clung to the trunk of a locust that had not long ago fallen to the forest floor. This is the second time you’ve seen this photo. Additional nutrients transfer with stem flow as rain falls on the crown and is shuttled down the stem. And see at a depth of realization and understanding to generate feelings… in your mind, body, heart, soul, and spirit. Imagine the emptiness of walking in the woods and missing this beauty trailside at your feet. Learn, study, and memorize the terminology used by mycologists. Imagine the degree to which we form a preconception of a thing or person if the introductory bio carries the words: the foul odor is sometimes lacking, but in time manages to work up a pretty good stink. Sacc. Reply. It is frequently found in moss along trails. Learn about the Glistening Ink Cap or Mica Cap of the Coprinellus Genus . ; Pyropolyporus robiniae Murr. We found a single small patch of enoki mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) on a downed dead branch. Toss in the false turkey tail mushroom for some additional variety. Well, I immediately passed judgement when iNaturalist revealed the identity of this mushroom, the stinking orange oyster (Phyllotopsis nidulans). The same source, based in Illinois and its review applicable here as well, states that Stereum c. is the most common, ubiquitous, ever-present, lost-all-its-luster fungus among us. PubMed Central. Phellinus produce decay of heartwood and cause heart rot and cankers of live standing trees and play a major role in the process of wood decay by causing white rot. It usually appears on the side of a tree and grows out and down in semicircular layers from its point of attachment. As its common name suggests, one of the defining features of the Cracked Cap Polypore is its cap, which becomes deeply cracked in age. Thus, you will be able to spot a pore layer or hymenium. Fomitiporia robusta - yellow-brown flesh and pores usually not so rusty. In the southern Appalachians, USA, most large trees are infected with heart rot and decay of trunk wood is extensive. Phellinus robiniae: Scientific name: Phellinus robiniae (Murrill) A. Ames Derivation of name: Phellinus means "made of cork"or "corky"; robiniae means "growing on black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia)." May Nature Inspire, Inform, and Reward you! I view it as an ecosystem community. Leave a Comment. Moisture comes from stem flow, dewy mornings, humid days and nights, and the relatively still, protected micro-climate of the sink hollow and cove forest. Traditionally, four species of Lentinula were recognized throughout the world: L. boryana, L. lateritia, L. novaezelandieae, and L. edodes. With this one I draw your attention to the tree moss matrix. Another jelly fungus, amber jelly roll (Exidia recisa), resides on a dead hardwood sapling. Enter our forests believing (knowing) that there is magic within. P. pomaceus/ everhartii/ arctostaphyli/ Fulvifomes robiniae - on Prunus (fruit trees)/ oak/ manzanita/ black locust. Split page, species info on the left, room for notes on the right. Very tender and excellent flavor and texture. I love the look, feel, and comfort of our native forests, accented here and there by cushion moss.. as Hypomyces tremellicola, a saprobic fungi. In addition, these tunnels serve as a primary infection site for the wind-borne spores of the fungus Phellinus robiniae, which causes a damaging heart rot disease in Robinia species. Fruit bodies, which are found growing on wood, are resupinate, sessile, and perennial. The flesh is tough and woody or cork-like, and brown in color. This has been shown in the wood decay genus Lentinula, which includes the edible shiitake mushroom, Lentinula edodes. The Foundation exists for the sole purpose of providing incremental operating and capital support for enhancing our State parks… and your enjoyment of them. Returning to the new Bikers Pavilion, we spent several hours circuiting the South Plateau and Fire Tower Trails, enjoying the flat and smooth surface. This is to aid in identification along with the numerous photos I've taken of each specimen. Phellinus sp. I think that I shall never see… a poem so lovely as a fungeeee. This is a work of art that I just happened to capture with my shutter. I began writing books and Posts for several reasons: All three of my books (Nature Based Leadership; Nature-Inspired Learning and Leading; Weaned Seals and Snowy Summits) present compilations of personal experiences expressing my (and co-author Dr. Wilhoit for Weaned Seals and Snowy Summits) deep passion for Nature. Thus, oysters are white rot fungi, as is Stereum. It is always nice to be able to report that it is in fact edible and harmless. Some people are allergic to this mushroom. Another piece of Nature’s artwork! Bark continuously sheds from the outside; the moss feeds on the sloughing and decaying outer bark. Wikipedia offered the most descriptive and apt definition of drab: Drab is a dull, light-brown color. Coprinellus micaceus. Cooke; Fomes robiniae (Murr.) Reviewing my recollections and photographs, I partitioned our findings into two categories: tree form oddities and curiosities we encountered, each one with a compelling story; fungi and non-flowering plants that caught our attention. The sink micro-climate is moist, encouraging this dense lower stem moss. (Under the direction of J. PAUL MUELLER). Oh, the complexity of life and its cycles. Cracked cap polypore (Phellinus robiniae) is a woody bracket fungus that is most easily identified by its habitat. Tagline/Motto: Steve (Great Blue Heron) encourages and seeks a better tomorrow through Nature-Inspired Living! When young, this polypore’s cap is light brown and may be velvety. Are woodpeckers using shelves as shelters in the rain? Edible Fall Fungi. Inside you'll find loads of information about each species I've documented. The Medicinal Mushroom Agaricus blazei Murrill: Review of Literature and Pharmaco-Toxicological Problems. I suppose this multi-ton hickory offers plenty of wood to satisfy both fungi species. Autumn is the peak season for mushrooms (find out why at the talk!) Evaluation of Robinia pseudoacacia L. as Browse for Meat Goat Production in the Southeastern USA. Why the envy? My iNaturalist struggled with identifying this wrap-around fungus. I will be sending pictures from the walk in another email soon. And finally, translate those feelings to action… informed and responsible Earth stewardship. Look deeply enough to discover what lies hidden in plain sight. Simple, his first name was Rock, Rock Jones. I urge you to take a look at the Foundation website and consider ways you might help steward these magical places: https://asparksfoundation.org/ Perhaps you might think about supporting the Parks System education and interpretation imperative: https://asparksfoundation.org/give-today#a444d6c6-371b-47a2-97da-dd15a5b9da76. Any walk in Nature provides lessons for life and living when you employ my five core verbs: Inhale and absorb Nature’s elixir. This beautiful but often stinky mushroom is orange from head to toe, and densely hairy on the cap surface. Wooly bear caterpillars, ... Horsechestnut fruit is not edible for humans and are called conkers. When fully ripe the taste is sweet and a bit tart at the same time. If only more of us viewed our precious environment through the filters I employ. So, both Stereum and Pleurotus are sharing the hickory feast. In my view, there is no hierarchy. NEVER consume mushrooms if you are not 100% certain of its identity. Synonymy: Fomes rimosus (Berk.) I urge you to explore at your leisure online. Also known as the crack cap polypore. The mighty hickory, some may conclude, is the higher order in this cycle, dominating the high canopy and, with the wind, thundering to the forest floor. And moss doesn’t require full sunlight; in fact, it abhors the heat and dryness of direct sunlight. Perhaps it would have been my own seeming superiority had his first name been Tinker… Tinker Jones. ;Polyporus rimosus Berk. Today’s # mushroomnovember is the cracked cap polypore, Phellinus robiniae. I searched fruitlessly in hard copy and online reference sources. Still others who see the ultimate life members as the microorganisms decomposing the remaining tree constituents to nutrients available to plants, including the next generation of hickories. The scientific and historical records are rich with reference to this American species. Sometimes the magic in our words matches the enchantment in our woods. The species is both parasitic and saprobic. Phellinus robiniae shelf fungus are hard like wood. It certainly stood out in orange splendor from its drab surroundings! Phellinus robiniae is just one of many woody brown polypores that can be found growing on living or recently deceased trees. Hence, it is not a mushroom (the fungal fruiting body); it is a fungus. We sought whatever Nature might reveal to us as we trekked in the forest examining anything that caught our eye. ... All three spp shown in this topic are edible. The species is common across North America, almost always found on dead hardwood sticks and small branches on the ground or on small standing saplings like this one. Phellinus sp. Aug 15, 2017 - Explore Sonoran Mushroom Company's board "♡ EDIBLE Oyster Mushrooms" on Pinterest. It reminds me of some kind of rock-clinging intertidal organism. The foul odor of Phyllotopsis nidulans is sometimes lacking, but fresh collections usually manage to work up a pretty good stink. This is an edible, yet one that is easily confused with deadly galerina (Galerina marginata), also native to our woodlands. Basidiomycota is a division in the kingdom Fungi containing Mushrooms, rusts, and smuts. Sometimes monikers tell the tale and shape our impressions of a thing… or even of a person. This seems to be particularly true for shelves of Phellinus robiniae on locust trees. The mushroom is perennial, so a new pore surface is a… See more ideas about stuffed mushrooms, oysters, edible mushrooms. As the photos below demonstrate, the distressed bark sits directly below the shelf. However, I am unable to find an online description of its range and ecology. I fell flat in my attempts to identify this specimen. This colony occupies all exposed surfaces of a 24-inch-plus-diameter, wind-thrown hickory that has now spent three summers prostrate. They will see their relationship to our natural world with new eyes… and will understand more clearly their Earth home. When I hiked this section of the trail mid-summer, a lush crop of summer oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus pulmonarius) occupied this log. Likewise, you’ve seen this image previously. There is a strong emphasis on the aspects of the mushroom's morphology. I suspect the latter. Wikipedia offered: called false turkey-tail and golden curtain crust, is a basidiomycete fungus in the genus Stereum. One might wonder whether the pathogenic infection kills a healthy and robust live tree, or does it infect an aging, weakened locust that is nearing the end of its life. genus Phellinus (P. ignarius, P. gilvus, P. tremulae, P. robiniae = Fomes rimosus, etc.). Phellinus fastuosus Xl 2400.0 mg kg q Mushroom 25 Phellinus yucatensis XI 73.7 mg kg -1 Mushroom 26 Phellinus robiniae Xl 774.4 mg kg q Mushroom 27 Phellinus robiniae XVI n.d. Mushroom 28 Psathyrella subatrata XII 3.2 mg 1-1 L.C. Nature is pure magic in multiple dimensions across the seasons. I had a bowl of them in the fridge and my husband ate … It usually appears on the side of a tree and grows out and down in semicircular layers from its point of attachment.1–3 As its common name suggests, one of the defining features of the Cracked Cap Polypore is its pileus, which becomes deeply cracked in age. Phellinus sp. . This is an edible species. Cracked cap polypore (Phellinus robiniae) is a woody bracket fungus that is most easily identified by its habitat. It can be sliced and breaded, then pan fried to make a large mushroom “steak”, or it can be cubed to be put into a soup or stew. Posted on September 17, 2020 by Richard Jacob. Red Horsechestnut Flower. Here is a beautiful little vase-shaped polypore, recognized by its silky, cinnamon cap. MushroomExpert.com offers an effective description of this fungi’s ecology: Saprobic on the dead wood of hardwoods, especially oaks; growing densely gregariously, often from gaps in the bark; fusing together laterally; causing a white rot of the heartwood; often serving as a host to algae; sometimes parasitized by jelly fungi; spring, summer, fall, and winter; widely distributed in North America but apparently absent in the Rocky Mountains. Certainly not a descriptor suitable for a eulogy. PLEASE do not use this website as your only source resource for identification. Gori, L.; Lombardo, G. 2008-01-01. P. tremulae - on aspen, angled up at 45 degrees. Demand for goat meat in the southeastern USA is steadily increasing as a result of This is the first paper of systematic research looking into Phellinus genus in the Republic of Macedonia. As a general rule few of the fungi on trees are edible, with the notable exception of honey mushrooms and oyster mushrooms, both common. The fruit bodies of Phellinus are large, variously shaped, persistent, brown poroid, resupinate to pileate including both annual and perennial form (Donk, 1974). However, some Basidiomycetes are amongst the most deadly organisms on Earth, such as the death cap and the destroying angel. Learn how to edit and color correct your mushroom photos for Instagram. Allow me a point of clarification and emphases. The same for this stem. No living organism is inedible… by some other organism. Common names: Cracked cap polypore. Phellinus gilvus [ Basidiomycetes > Polyporales > Hymenochaetaceae > Phellinus . Nature really does abhor a vacuum. Hibbett (2001) showed that only L. novaezelandieae is a true monophyletic species. We explored the remarkable cove forest along the Arthur Wells Memorial Trail (photo of trailhead below right from an early summer visit), one of my favorite haunts at the Park. . and Leon will share his knowledge of the mushrooms of the Mid Atlantic Region (poisonous, edible, and in-between!) Developed by the University of Georgia, Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health It is a plant pathogen and a wood decay fungus. Regardless of my own feelings about seasonal fluxes, our subject organisms are anything but drab! In fact, the fungus is such a common pathogen of locusts that nearly every Black Locust tree has at least one bracket (FungusfactFriday.com). I want to return this coming spring. The oysters had aged and withered beyond the point of harvesting for human consumption. and the role fungi play in our ecosystem. Order any and all from your local indie bookstore, or find them on IndieBound or other online sources such as Amazon and LifeRich. Nothing dull or drabby about these trees, proudly wearing their trunk-carpet of American tree moss (Climacium sp.). Laetiporus cincinnatus (White Chicken Mushroom)…..One of the very best of the edible polypores. Common diseases are heart rot (Phellinus rimosus or Polyporus robiniophilus) and witches' broom disease, caused by a virus, Chlorogenus robiniae. Phellinus sp. I highly recommend using field guides and other websites to aid in adequately identifying edible mushrooms. As CEO of a small private university in Ohio, I envied another Jones heading a similar institution. How could I not feel inferior when in the presence of Rock Jones? Advertisements. They are quite edible when fresh, i.e. . Okay, a slight twist to Joyce Kilmer’s classic. This subsequent Post offers reflections and photos of the array of fungi and non-flowering plants that brightened the otherwise drab winter forest. NEVER consume mushrooms if you are not 100% certain of its identity. All three books offer observations and reflections on my relationship to the natural world… and the broader implications for society. Phellinus chrysoloma: Phellinus everhartii: Phellinus everhartii: Phellinus robiniae: Phellinus sp. Appearances, Workshops, and Presentations, http://stevejonesgbh.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/IMG_5979.jpg-12.15.20-MSSP-Sinks-Trail-Witches-Butter.jpg, http://stevejonesgbh.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/gbhweblogo.png, Fungi and Non-Flowering Plants, Mid-December 2020 at Monte Sano State Park, Early December Forest Treasures within a Two-Acre Area of Riparian Forest, Wheeler National Wildlife Refuge: Bottomland Hardwood Tree Form Oddities, Reflections on My Maturing Love Affair with Nature, A Magnificent Cherrybark Oak on the Wheeler National Wildlife Refuge, A 20-minute Video: Reflections on Tree Height, Early February Spectacular Frosty Morning Sky at the Goldsmith-Schiffman Wildlife Sanctuary, Complementing History with Natural Settings, Indian Marker Trees: Separating Folklore from Fact, Tree Form Curiosities Mid-December 2020 at Monte Sano State Park, Wheeler National Wildlife Refuge: Winter Ferns, Fungi, Mosses, and Lichens, Late Fall at Goldsmith-Schiffman Wildlife Sanctuary, Destination: King’s Chair, Oak Mountain State Park, People of all ages will pay greater attention. Drosophilin A methyl ether (XI) has been detected in the mycelium of the common edible fungus Agaricus bisporus, but not in the fruiting bodies21. by Michael Kuo. After our long growing season of green and hot days, I love the drab dormant season cool weather and ecosystems at relative rest and tranquility. Above I highlighted the crowded parchment mushroom. This fungus grows almost exclusively on locust trees. And the Black Locust Conk, Phellinus robiniae-...this conk is perennial, living long enough for moss to grow upon its back. Phellinus sp. Learn about the Glistening Ink Cap or Mica Cap of the Coprinellus Genus. I’ve often seen such exposed roots of streamside trees where bank erosion is active. I embrace those five verbs with respect to all that I do in Nature: believe, look, see, feel, and act. This is a list of the mushroom species that I have found mostly in Western Pennsylvania in the spring, summer and autumn months. We also discuss if the mushroom is edible. I see dead and dying main canopy black locust within most of the stands I hike. I’ll remind you that I serve on the Alabama State Parks Foundation Board, in part because of my love of Nature and in recognition for my writing many prior Posts about visiting and experiencing the Parks. These mushrooms take various shapes and come in different colors including purple, green, orange, yellow, red, pink,… A jelly fungus, witches butter (Tremella mesenterica) offers a different persona from preceding wood decay fungi: Parasitic on the mycelium of species of Peniophora (a genus of crust fungi); growing alone or in amorphous clusters on the decaying sticks and logs of oaks and other hardwoods (usually when bark is still adnate); usually appearing in spring, in temperate areas, but also appearing in summer, fall, and winter; widely distributed in North America, but possibly less common in western North America. All Rights Reserved.”, Another Note: If you came to this post via a Facebook posting or by an another route, please sign up now (no cost… no obligation) to receive my Blog Post email alerts: http://eepurl.com/cKLJdL, And a Third: I am available for Nature-Inspired Speaking, Writing, and Consulting — contact me at steve.jones.0524@gmail.com. So, if you see a mushroom resembling this photo, don’t harvest and consume unless you are 100 percent certain. Phellinus sp. Phellinus sp. I ponder the hierarchy of life. The oysters consume lignin, leaving the whitish cellulose behind. Nearly two inches across, it clings tightly to the sawn end of an oak that had wind-blown across a trail. Cushion moss (Leucobryum glaucum) is common on the forest floor across northern Alabama. Throughout our northern Alabama forests, which commonly range from 70-100 years old and regenerated naturally from past disturbance, black locust (Robinia pseudo-acacia) is a common component. This time I direct your attention to the mossy top hat on this cracked cap polypore. I am certain that spring ephemeral flowers will be flourishing in such a moisture- and nutrient-rich site. Learn the various identifying characteristics associates with mushroom cap margins. And here’s the moss-bedecked rock ledge at the large sink I mentioned earlier. Welcome to my catalog of fungi. Others may assume that the fungi, the more recent actor in the cycle, is preeminent owing to its function in restoring the tree to duff and organic debris. Immediately below are the side-view and topside perspectives. . There are a couple uncommon ones, but generally inedible. Here’s a mushroom that parasitizes a wood decay fungus!
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